tontonton

Nuxalk Sounds

This is a quick cheat sheet for the sounds found in Nuxalk.

The i sound

There are at least 3 i sounds in Nuxalk. In terms of all possible i sounds, there is the basic most common i sound, the secondary i sound, and the tertiary i sound, as well as long and nasal forms of each.

i	i	Like "ee" sound.	i
I	I	Like "ih" in "pit".	ɪ
I%	I_	Long "ih".	ɪː

The e sound

There are at least 2 e sounds in Nuxalk. In terms of all possible e sounds, there is the basic most common e sound, the secondary e sound, and the tertiary e sound, as well as long and nasal forms of each.

e	e	Like "day" sound.	e
E%	E_	Long "eh".	ɛː

The a sound

There are at least 2 a sounds in Nuxalk. In terms of all possible a sounds, there is the basic most common a sound, the secondary a sound, and the tertiary a sound, as well as long and nasal forms of each.

a	a	Like "ah" in father sound.	a ɑ ä
A	A	Like "cat" or "mat" a sound.	æ

The o sound

There are at least 5 o sounds in Nuxalk. In terms of all possible o sounds, there is the basic most common o sound, the secondary o sound, and the tertiary o sound, as well as long and nasal forms of each.

o	o	Like "oh" sound.	o
1	o$	British oah sound.	ɔ
o%	o_	Long "oh" sound.	oː
O%	O_	Long "uuh".	ʊː ɯː
1%	o$_	Long British oah sound.	ɔː

The u sound

There are at least 2 u sounds in Nuxalk. In terms of all possible u sounds, there is the basic most common u sound, the secondary u sound, and the tertiary u sound, as well as long and nasal forms of each.

u	u	Like "oo" in "you" sound.	u
U	U	Like "uh" in "up" sound.	ə ɞ ɐ ɘ ʌ

The m sound

There is at least 1 m sound in Nuxalk. Notice the English m and mmm have a similar shape.

Regular m

The n sound

There is at least 1 n sound in Nuxalk. Notice the English n and nnn have a similar shape.

Regular n

The p sound

There are at least 2 p sounds in Nuxalk.

p93	p!	Ejective p	pʼ
p%	ph~	Aspirated p	pʰ

The t sound

There are at least 2 t sounds in Nuxalk.

t05	t!	Ejective t	tʼ
t^	th~	Aspirated t	tʰ

The k sound

There are at least 2 k sounds in Nuxalk.

k693	K!	Ejective deep guttural k (used a lot in Georgian)	qʼ
k6%	Kh~	Aspirated deep guttural k	qʰ

The h sound

There are at least 2 h sounds in Nuxalk.

h	h	Regular h	h
h5	H	Harsh h (used in Hebrew/Arabic a lot)	χ

The y sound

There is at least 1 y sound in Nuxalk. Notice the English y and yyy have a similar shape, although the Tone yyy is like a Tone OOO with a tail.

Regular y

The w sound

There is at least 1 w sound in Nuxalk. Notice the English w and www have a similar shape.

Regular w

The ' sound

There is at least 1 ' sound in Nuxalk. This is a glottal stop in its base form.

Regular ', used a lot in Hebrew and Arabic, amongst other languages

The l sound

There is at least 1 l sound in Nuxalk.

Regular l

The s sound

There are at least 2 s sounds in Nuxalk.

s	s	Regular s	s
s5	S	Rough s (used a lot in Native American languages)	ɬ